Model Development and Incremental Learning Based on Case-Based Reasoning for Signal and Image Analysis -- CVT-Based 3D Image Segmentation for Quality Tetrahedral Meshing -- Structuring Digital Spaces by Path-partition Induced Closure Operators on Graphs -- Atypical (Rare) Elements Detection - A Conditional Nonparametric Approach -- Finding Shortest Isothetic Path inside a 3D Digital Object -- Unified Characterization of P-Simple Points in Triangular, Square, and Hexagonal Grids -- Concepts of Binary Morphological Operations Dilation and Erosion on the Triangular Grid -- Boundary and Shape Complexity of a Digital Object -- Interior and Exterior Shape Representations Using the Screened Poisson Equation -- Picture Scanning Automata -- Two-Dimensional Input-Revolving Automata -- Direct Phasing of Crystalline Materials from X-ray Powder Diffraction -- Detection of Counterfeit Coins Based on Modeling and Restoration of 3D Images -- Automated Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Severity Analysis from Brain MRI -- Medical Image Segmentation Using Improved Affinity Propagation -- Simple Signed-Distance Function Depth Calculation Applied to Measurement of the fMRI BOLD Hemodynamic Response Function in Human Visual Cortex -- A Study of Children Facial Recognition for Privacy in Smart TV -- Scrambling Cryptography Using Programmable SLM-based Filter for Video Streaming over a WDM Network -- An Accelerated H.264/AVC Encoder on Graphic Processing Unit for UAV Videos.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computational Modeling of Objects Presented in Images, CompIMAGE 2016, held in Niagara Falls, NY, USA, in September 2016. The 18 revised full papers presented together with 1 invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: theoretical contributions and application-driven contributions.