A tutorial on Nonmonotonic Reasoning -- On the sample complexity of various learning strategies in the probabilistic PAC learning paradigms -- More about learning elementary formal systems -- A polynomial time algorithm for finding finite unions of tree pattern languages -- Towards efficient inductive synthesis: Rapid construction of local regularities -- Deductive generalization in a default logic setting -- Deduction with supernormal defaults -- Multi-agent learning: Theoretical and empirical studies -- Predicate synthesis from formal specifications: Using mathematical induction for finding the preconditions of theorems -- Dual types of hypotheses in inductive inference -- All I know about Tweety -- Monotonic versus non-monotonic language learning -- Normal form results for default logic -- Retrieval in case-based reasoning using preferred subtheories -- Interactive synthesis of process flowcharts -- Probabilistic inference of approximations.

This proceedings volume contains a selection of revised and extended papers presented at the Second International Workshop on Nonmonotonic and InductiveLogic, NIL '91, which took place at Reinhardsbrunn Castle, December 2-6, 1991. The volume opens with an extended version of a tutorial on nonmonotonic logic by G. Brewka, J. Dix, and K. Konolige. Fifteen selected papers follow, on a variety of topics. The majority of papers belong either to the area of nonmonotonic reasoning or to the field of inductive inference, but some papers integrate research from both areas. The first workshop in this series was held at the University of Karlsruhe in December 1990 and its proceedings were published as Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence Volume 543. The series of workshops was made possible by financial support from Volkswagen Stiftung, Hannover. This workshop was also supported by IBM Deutschland GmbH and Siemens AG.