Deep Surveys -- The ISO Mission and Its Surveys -- A New Population of Faint Starburst Galaxies Revealed by 15 ?m ISOCAM Deep Surveys -- Mid-Infrared Properties of Distant Cluster Galaxies as Revealed by ISOCAM -- The European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS): Latest Results -- The European Large Area ISO Survey: ISOPHOT Final Analysis — Number Counts -- Japanese Deep Surveys with ISO -- ISO Deep Far-Infrared Survey in the Lockman Hole -- FIRBACK Source Counts and Cosmological Implications -- Deep Far Infrared ISOPHOT Survey in “Selected Area 57” -- A Deep 12 ?m Survey with ISO -- Extragalactic Background -- The Extragalactic Background and Its Fluctuations in the Far-Infrared Wavelengths -- Cosmic Infrared Background: ISOPHOT FIR Source Counts at 90, 150 and 180 ?m -- Near Infrared Extragalactic Background -- Power Spectrum Analysis of Far-Infrared Sky Brightness in the Lockman Hole -- A Local Infrared Perspective to Deeper ISO Surveys -- The Role of Luminous Infrared Galaxies at z ? 1 as Revealed by the 15 ?m Extragalactic Background Light -- Evolutionary Models -- The Star Formation History of the Universe -- Implications of the Cosmic Infrared Background for the Redshift Distribution of Infrared Galaxies -- Models for the Infrared Emission from Starburst Galaxies -- IR Surveys with the Infra Red Imaging Surveyor (IRIS) -- The Effect of Dust Evolution on the Spectral Energy Distribution of Galaxies -- Object-Oriented Surveys -- The ISOPHOT View of Quasars and Radiogalaxies -- Infrared Properties of High Redshift and X-ray Selected AGN Samples -- A FIR Surveys of CSS and GPS Radio Galaxies -- Seyfert Galaxies in the Far IR -- The Nature of Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies -- ISO Spectroscopy of Active Galactic Nuclei -- First Results of the ISO Photometry of 12 ?m Active Galaxies -- C II 158 ?m Observations of a Sample of Late-Type Galaxies from the Virgo Cluster -- Smoke in the “Smoke Rings”: ISO Observations of Dust in Collisional Ring Galaxies -- NIR Spectroscopy with the VLT of a Sample of ISO Selected Hubble Deep Field South Galaxies -- Complementary Surveys -- ISOPHOT 170 ?m Serendipity Sky Survey: The First Galaxy Catalogue -- Chamaeleon’s Cold Cloud Cores -- The ISO-IRAS Faint Galaxy Survey: ISOCAM Imaging and Optical Spectroscopy -- The ISOCAM Parallel Mode -- Data Reduction Techniques for the ISOCAM Parallel Survey— Challenges and Solutions -- The ISO LWS Parallel Mode -- ISO-LWS Serendipity Survey and Source Catalogue -- Surveys in the Galaxy -- An ISOPHOT Survey of Pre-stellar Cores -- ISOPHOT Far-Infrared Survey of Nearby Molecular Clouds -- A Deep Survey with ISOCAM of the Chamaeleon I Dark Cloud -- Search for Very Young Massive Stars -- Structure and Evolution of Circumstellar Disks Around Young Stars: New Views from ISO -- Present Results of the ISOGAL Survey of the Inner Galaxy -- ISOGAL Survey of Baade’s Windows -- The ISOCAM GT Survey of Selected Areas in the Galactic Plane -- Present and Future Surveys -- Extragalactic Surveys Using NICMOS -- Commissioning Data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey -- Surveys with SIRTF -- Extragalactic Spectroscopy with SIRTF/IRS -- The FIRST Mission -- Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) -- X-ray Surveys of the Obscured Universe.

The unprecedented sensitivity of the Infrared Space Observatory and the far-infrared window provided by IRAS led to spectroscopic surveys throughout the entire infrared region. In particular, the high resolution allowed for pointed observations of individual sources. The authors of this volume are principal investigators of the ISO mission and present a host of new data analyses that should trigger novel astrophysical research in the far-infrared. A particular feature of the book is the emphasis on object-oriented presentation of the observations. The book addresses researchers and students alike.