Prime numbers and computer methods for factorization

Includes index

1 The Number of Primes Below a Given Limit
2 The Primes Viewed at Large
3 Subtleties in the Distribution of Primes
4 The Recognition of Primes
5 Classical Methods of Factorization
6 Modern Factorization Methods

In the modern age of almost universal computer usage, practically every individual in a technologically developed society has routine access to the most up-to-date cryptographic technology that exists, the so-called RSA public-key cryptosystem. A major component of this system is the factorization of large numbers into their primes. Thus an ancient number-theory concept now plays a crucial role in communication among millions of people who may have little or no knowledge of even elementary mathematics.